ABSTRACT
Subject(s)
Humans , Coinfection , Ethambutol , HIV Infections , HIV , Isoniazid , Meningoencephalitis , Methods , Mortality , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Pyrazinamide , Rifampin , Serum , Sputum , Tuberculosis , Tuberculosis, Meningeal , Tuberculosis, PulmonaryABSTRACT
BACKGROUND@#The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of intravenous isoniazid (H) and ethambutol (E) administered in patients with new sputum positive drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) with tuberculous meningoencephalitis (TM) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection in the intensive phase of treatment.@*METHODS@#Fifty-four patients with TB/TM and HIV co-infection were enrolled for this study. Group 1 comprised of 23 patients treated with E and H intravenously, while rifampicin and pyrazinamide were prescribed orally. Group 2 consisted of 31 patients treated with the first-line anti-TB drugs orally. The concentrations of H and E in blood serum were detected using a chromatographic method.@*RESULTS@#A significant improvement in the clinical symptoms and X-ray signs in patients treated intravenously with H and E was observed and compared to group 2. The sputum Mycobacterium tuberculosis positivity was observed during the second month of the treatment in 25.0% of patients from group 1 and 76.1% of the patients from the control group (p=0.003). In addition, nine patients (39.1%) died up to 6 months when H and E were prescribed intravenously compared with 22 (70.9%) in group 2 (p=0.023).@*CONCLUSION@#In TB/TM with HIV, the intravenous H and E treatment was more effective than oral H and E treatment at 2 months of intensive treatment in sputum conversion as well as in clinical improvement, accompanied by significantly higher mean serum concentrations. In addition, the mortality rate was lower in intravenous H and E treatment compared to oral treatment.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND@#The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of intravenous isoniazid (H) and ethambutol (E) administered in patients with new sputum positive drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) with tuberculous meningoencephalitis (TM) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection in the intensive phase of treatment.@*METHODS@#Fifty-four patients with TB/TM and HIV co-infection were enrolled for this study. Group 1 comprised of 23 patients treated with E and H intravenously, while rifampicin and pyrazinamide were prescribed orally. Group 2 consisted of 31 patients treated with the first-line anti-TB drugs orally. The concentrations of H and E in blood serum were detected using a chromatographic method.@*RESULTS@#A significant improvement in the clinical symptoms and X-ray signs in patients treated intravenously with H and E was observed and compared to group 2. The sputum Mycobacterium tuberculosis positivity was observed during the second month of the treatment in 25.0% of patients from group 1 and 76.1% of the patients from the control group (p=0.003). In addition, nine patients (39.1%) died up to 6 months when H and E were prescribed intravenously compared with 22 (70.9%) in group 2 (p=0.023).@*CONCLUSION@#In TB/TM with HIV, the intravenous H and E treatment was more effective than oral H and E treatment at 2 months of intensive treatment in sputum conversion as well as in clinical improvement, accompanied by significantly higher mean serum concentrations. In addition, the mortality rate was lower in intravenous H and E treatment compared to oral treatment.
ABSTRACT
Objective/background: The objective/background of this work was to study the efficacy and safety of quercetin and polyvinylpyrrolidone [QP] in the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed destructive pulmonary tuberculosis in comparison with standard antimycobacterial therapy
Materials and methods: The study involved 124 patients aged between 20 years and 70 years with newly diagnosed destructive pulmonary tuberculosis. Patients were allocated to two groups. The first [control] group of patients received standard antimycobacterial and pathogenetic therapy and included 31 [25.00 +/- 3.89%] patients. The second [main] group of patients received QP therapy in addition to chemotherapy and included 93 [75.00 +/- 3.89%] patients
Results: Intoxication symptoms in the second group were reduced following 1.33 +/- 0.15 months, whereas in the first group intoxication symptoms were reduced following 2.64 +/- 0.20 months, p < .001
Conclusion: Administration of QP combined with chemotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed destructive pulmonary tuberculosis resulted in a comparatively quick reduction of disease manifestation